Key Citations: 1. Ewing R, Cervero R. Travel and the built environment: a meta-analysis. Journal of the American Planning Association. 2010; 76:3(2010):265-294.
2. Mota J et al. Perceived neighborhood environments and physical activity in adolescents. Preventive Medicine. 2005; 41:834-836.
Stretch versions: An alternate approach to avoid using a propriety measure would be for the community to calculate its own walkability measure. Some planning agencies have created local versions using GIS analysis to identify distances between homes and a given set of destinations, weighted according to the frequency with which they are visited by a typical household. These local versions could be created by assessing the area’s job and residential population density, percent of residents within walking distance to diverse/mixed-use areas, availability of sidewalks and bike baths and intersection density per square mile. However, conducting such an analysis would require a parcel-level land use database, which are typically available from the county assessor’s offices, often for a fee. Furthermore, additional processing or data gathering may be necessary to differentiate between multiple types of destinations. Therefore, this approach would probably best be pursued for individual metro areas on a case-by-case basis in collaboration with regional planning agencies.